Rise in human-made carbon dioxide affects ocean acoustics

ScienceDaily (2009-12-23) -- Oceanographers have discovered that seawater sound absorption will drop by up to 70 percent this century, due to rising atmospheric carbon dioxide causing ocean acidification. As a result, underwater sound could travel farther, and this could lead to growing noise levels in the oceans. Increasing transparency of the oceans to low-frequency sounds could also enable marine mammals to communicate over longer distances.

Pomegranates: Latest weapon in the fight against MRSA

ScienceDaily (2009-12-22) -- Pomegranates have already been hailed as a super-food but a team of scientists has found a new use for the deep red fruit. The team has discovered that the rind can be turned into an ointment for treating MRSA and other common hospital infections.

Of girls and geeks: Environment may be why women don't like computer science

ScienceDaily (2009-12-28) -- In real estate, it's location, location, location. And when it comes to why girls and women shy away from careers in computer science, a key reason is environment, environment, environment.

New warning system warns of driver drowsiness and distraction

ScienceDaily (2009-12-26) -- Scientists have developed the latest version of a driving assistance system which controls the driver's attention level and helps to avoid accidents caused by drowsiness or distractions at the wheel.

Iranian Scholars Share Avicenna's Medieval Medical Wisdom

ScienceDaily (2009-12-27) -- For pulmonary ailments, certain medieval physicians had a useful medical textbook on hand offering detailed information remarkably similar to those a modern doctor might use today.

Glacier melt adds ancient edibles to marine buffet

ScienceDaily (2009-12-27) -- Glaciers along the Gulf of Alaska are enriching stream and near shore marine ecosystems from a surprising source -- ancient carbon contained in glacial runoff.

Synesthetic experiences, such as seeing a certain color associated with a number, are real and automatic

ScienceDaily (2009-12-27) -- For as many as 1 in 20 people, everyday experiences can elicit extra-ordinary associated sensations. The condition is known as synesthesia and the most common form involves "seeing" colors when reading words and numbers.

How can evolutionary responses to climate change be measured?

ScienceDaily (2009-12-28) -- As global temperatures continue to rise, scientists are presented with the complex challenge of understanding how species respond and adapt.

Women tend to have better sense of touch due to smaller finger size

ScienceDaily (2009-12-28) -- People who have smaller fingers have a finer sense of touch, according to new research. This finding explains why women tend to have better tactile acuity than men, because women on average have smaller fingers.

The past matters to plants

ScienceDaily (2009-12-26) -- It's commonly known that plants interact with each other on an everyday basis: they shade each other out or take up nutrients from the soil before neighboring plants can get them. Now, researchers have learned that plants also respond to the past.

Further progress toward AIDS vaccine: Rabies-virus vaccine protects monkeys

ScienceDaily (2009-12-26) -- Researchers are one step closer to developing a vaccine against the AIDS disease. They have found that a rabies virus-based vaccine administered to monkeys protected against the simian equivalent of the HIV virus (SIV).

Pot and pop: New research finds stronger link between music and marijuana use among teens

ScienceDaily (2009-12-23) -- Teens who frequently listen to music that contains references to marijuana are more likely to use the drug than their counterparts with less exposure to such lyrics, according to a new study.

Teenagers use violence to boost their social standing

ScienceDaily (2009-12-23) -- A new study looks in depth at the social relationships between male and female teenagers, relational violence, and psycho-social adjustment factors such as loneliness, self-esteem and satisfaction with life. The results show that young people who want to be better appreciated and respected within their group are the most likely to be violent.

Marine Research Is Key To 'Super Foods' Market

ScienceDaily (2009-12-24) -- Milk drinks that lower blood pressure, meat products that reduce the risk of heart disease, chocolate that calms you down and a new range of foods that can fight obesity can be created from marine animals and plants. Japan already has several product ranges on the shelves and research programs are underway all over the world to create more. And now Ireland is well on the way to becoming a player in this worldwide multi-billion euro industry, according to recently presented research results.

Scientists map speed of climate change for different ecosystems

ScienceDaily (2009-12-24) -- From beetles to barnacles, pikas to pine warblers, many species are already on the move in response to shifting climate regimes. But how fast will they -- and their habitats -- have to move to keep pace with global climate change over the next century? Scientists have calculated that on average, ecosystems will need to shift about 0.42 kilometers per year to keep pace with changing temperatures across the globe.

Fisheries and aquaculture face multiple risks from climate change

ScienceDaily (2009-12-22) -- Marine capture fisheries already facing multiple challenges due to overfishing, habitat loss and weak management are poorly positioned to cope with new problems stemming from climate change, a new study suggests.

Discrimination in the citations that scientists use

ScienceDaily (2009-12-22) -- Science does not have to be altruistic. In fact, most of the time it is egotistic, according to a study by researchers in Spain that analyzes the discrimination that exists in citations of scientific articles in articles where researchers publish their results.

Fountain of Youth Discovered?

The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB ) has published an important research paper that shows a clear link between calorie intake and the lifespan of human cells.

Researchers from the have discovered that restricting consumption of glucose, the most common dietary sugar, can extend the life of healthy human-lung cells and speed the death of precancerous human-lung cells, reducing cancer's spread and growth rate.

Movement comes with appetite

ScienceDaily (2009-12-21) -- A body that is provided with food too often gets caught up in the maelstrom of a lack of exercise, obesity and ultimately diabetes. The trigger is a molecular switch that is controlled by insulin, a new study has revealed.

New filling, cooling and storage system may prevent bacterial growth and prolong shelf life of orange juice

ScienceDaily (2009-12-21) -- Researchers in Brazil have estimated the growth timeline of a bacterium that causes orange juice spoilage during shelf life (approximately 6 months) and developed a safe and inexpensive filling, cooling, and storage protocol that inhibits bacterial growth and offers an alternative to other proposed treatments.

Having children makes you more like your own parents

ScienceDaily (2009-12-21) -- “I’ll never be like my parents.” Many youngsters must have said this at least once in their lives. The truth emerges as soon as you have your own children: you increasingly become more like your own parents.

Computer algorithm identifies authentic Van Gogh

ScienceDaily (2009-12-21) -- A researcher in the Netherlands has developed computer algorithms to support art historians and other art experts in their visual assessment of paintings. His digital technology is capable of distinguishing a forgery from an authentic Van Gogh based on the painter's characteristic brush work and use of color.

Physicist sees through the opaque with 'T-rays'

ScienceDaily (2009-12-21) -- "T-rays" may make X-rays obsolete as a means of detecting bombs on terrorists or illegal drugs on traffickers, among other uses, contends a physicist who is helping lay the theoretical groundwork to make the concept a reality. In addition to being more revealing than X-rays in some situations, T-rays do not have the cumulative possible harmful effects.

Sixty headless skeletons -- 3,000 years old -- discovered in Pacific Ocean archipelago Vanuatu

ScienceDaily (2009-12-21) -- A find of 60 headless skeletons summer 2009 may reveal the identity of the people who first inhabited the Pacific Ocean archipelago Vanuatu 3000 years ago.

Preschoolers in Child Care Centers Not Active Enough

ScienceDaily (2009-12-21) -- Many young children in child care centers are not getting as much active playtime as they should, according to new research.

Predicting insurgent attacks with a mathematical model

ScienceDaily (2009-12-21) -- Scientists have found a unified model of human insurgency that can estimate the timing and strength of insurgent attacks in present and future wars.

Postural sway among abstinent alcoholics can be improved up to a point

ScienceDaily (2009-12-21) -- Excessive sway during quiet standing is a common and significant consequence of chronic alcoholism, even after prolonged sobriety, and can lead to fall-related injury and even death. A new study of residual postural instability in alcohol-abstinent men and women shows that alcoholics improve with prolonged sobriety, but the improvement may not fully erase the problem of instability.

Mystery of golden ratio explained

ScienceDaily (2009-12-21) -- The golden ratio is a geometric proportion that has been theorized to be the most aesthetically pleasing to the eye and has been the root of countless mysteries over the centuries. Now, an engineer has found it to be a compelling springboard to unify vision, thought and movement under a single law of nature's design.

Faster, cheaper DNA sequencing method devised

ScienceDaily (2009-12-22) -- Biomedical engineers have devised a method for making future genome sequencing faster and cheaper by dramatically reducing the amount of DNA required, thus eliminating the expensive, time-consuming and error-prone step of DNA amplification.

Orphanages are viable options for some children, study finds

ScienceDaily (2009-12-22) -- A study of more than 3,000 orphaned and abandoned children in five Asian and African countries has found that children in institutional orphanages fare as well or better than those who live in the community.

Shift working aggravates metabolic syndrome development among middle-aged males

ScienceDaily (2009-12-19) -- Metabolic syndrome management is an important health issue in modern workplaces. In terms of workplace health management, both hazard exposures and the baseline health condition of workers should be evaluated. A five-year follow-up study for metabolic syndrome development was conducted in Taiwan for male workers. A significant association between shift work exposure and development of metabolic syndrome was found among male workers.

Nocturnal wind maximum mapped for first time

ScienceDaily (2009-12-20) -- On beautiful, sunny days with quiet weather conditions a strong wind develops in the evening at a height of about 200 meters. Scientists have now mapped how such a powerful wind develops high in the air.

Tropical birds waited for land crossing between North and South America, study finds

ScienceDaily (2009-12-20) -- Despite their ability to fly, tropical birds waited until the formation of the land bridge between North and South America to move northward, according to a new study.

Warming climate chills Sonoran Desert's spring flowers

ScienceDaily (2009-12-20) -- Global warming is giving a boost to Sonoran Desert plants that have an edge during cold weather, according to new research. Although overall numbers of winter annuals have declined since 1982, species that germinate and grow better at low temperatures are becoming more common. As a result, the composition of the desert's spring wildflower display is changing, according to new research.

Cannabis damages young brains more than originally thought, study finds

ScienceDaily (2009-12-20) -- The damaging effects of the illicit drug Cannabis on young brains are worse than originally thought, according to a psychiatric researcher. A new study suggests that daily consumption of cannabis in teens can cause depression and anxiety, and have an irreversible long-term effect on the brain.

Moderate fish consumption may lower risk in patients with a history of heart failure

ScienceDaily (2009-12-21) -- Including fish in a balanced diet has long been associated with the prevention of heart disease, and scientists now believe that it can help preserve heart function in patients who have experienced heart failure. A new study reports that moderate fish consumption can help reduce the risk of left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) in post acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients.

Now you see it, now you know you see it

ScienceDaily (2009-12-21) -- Psychologists say that time lag between unconscious perception and conscious recognition of a visual stimulus can vary depending on the complexity of the stimulus.

Adolescent boys seeking 'the norm' may take risks with their appearances

ScienceDaily (2009-12-21) -- Teen-aged boys are more likely to use tanning booths, take diet pills and have their bodies waxed -- even if they think those activities are unhealthy -- if they are influenced by their peers, according to new research.

Valuable, rare, raw earth materials extracted from industrial waste stream

ScienceDaily (2009-12-19) -- Fierce competition over raw materials for new green technologies could become a thing of the past, thanks to a discovery by scientists in the UK.

Dyslexia: Some very smart accomplished people cannot read well

ScienceDaily (2009-12-19) -- Contrary to popular belief, some very smart, accomplished people cannot read well. This unexpected difficulty in reading in relation to intelligence, education and professional status is called dyslexia, and researchers have presented new data that explain how otherwise bright and intelligent people struggle to read.

Food-borne illness: Researchers redefine the invasion mechanism of Salmonella

ScienceDaily (2009-12-20) -- Bacteria of the genus Salmonella cause most food-borne illnesses. The bacteria attach to cells of the intestinal wall and induce their own ingestion by cells of the intestinal epithelium. Up till now, researchers assumed that Salmonella have to induce the formation of distinctive membrane waves in order to invade these gut cells. Researchers in Germany have now refuted this common doctrine.

New nasal vaccine blocks parasite transmission to mosquitoes

ScienceDaily (2009-12-20) -- An experimental nasally administered malaria vaccine prevented parasite transmission from infected mice to mosquitoes and could play an important role in the fight against human malaria.

Bourbon versus vodka: Bourbon hurts more the next day, due to byproducts of fermenting process

ScienceDaily (2009-12-18) -- Many alcoholic beverages contain byproducts of the materials used in the fermenting process. These byproducts are called "congeners," complex organic molecules with toxic effects including acetone, acetaldehyde, fusel oil, tannins, and furfural. Bourbon has 37 times the amount of congeners that vodka has. A new study has found that while drinking a lot of bourbon can cause a worse hangover than drinking a lot of vodka, impairment in people's next-day task performance is about the same for both beverages.

Europe's flora is becoming impoverished

ScienceDaily (2009-12-18) -- With increasing species richness, due to more plant introductions than extinctions, plant communities of many European regions are becoming more homogeneous. The same species are occurring more frequently, whereas rare species are becoming extinct. It is not only the biological communities that are becoming increasingly similar, but also the phylogenetic relations between regions. These processes have led to a loss of uniqueness among European flora.

Rate of autism disorders climbs to one percent among 8-year-olds

ScienceDaily (2009-12-18) -- One in 110 American 8-year-olds is classified as having an autism spectrum disorder, a 57 percent increase in ASD cases compared to four years earlier.

Eat fruits and vegetables for better vision

ScienceDaily (2009-12-19) -- Carotenoids, found in green leafy vegetables and colored fruits, have been found to increase visual performance and may prevent age-related eye diseases, according to a new study.

Why does a human baby need a full year before starting to walk?

ScienceDaily (2009-12-19) -- Why does a human baby need a full year before it can start walking, while a newborn foal gets up on its legs almost directly after birth? Scientist have assumed that human motor development is unique because our brain is unusually complex and because it is particularly challenging to walk on two legs. But now a research group in Sweden has shown that human babies in fact start walking at the same stage in brain development as most other walking mammals, from small rodents to elephants.

Happiest Americans live in states ranked highest for quality of life

ScienceDaily (2009-12-21) -- New research in the US into the happiness levels of a million individual US citizens have revealed their personal happiness levels closely correlate with earlier research that ranked the quality of life available in the US's 50 states.

Movement comes with appetite

ScienceDaily (2009-12-21) -- A body that is provided with food too often gets caught up in the maelstrom of a lack of exercise, obesity and ultimately diabetes. The trigger is a molecular switch that is controlled by insulin, a new study has revealed.

With 3D bio-printer, human organs can be fabricated instead of harvested

http://www.smartplanet.com/business/blog/smart-takes/with-3d-bio-printer-human-organs-can-be-fabricated-instead-of-harvested/2984/

Turning a cell phone into a microscope

Cell phone + Microscope = CellScope. Graduate students in the bioengineering lab at UC Berkeley have discovered a way to turn an ordinary cellphone in a microscope. The Cellscope can capture, organize and transmit images of blood cells, lesions and infections taken anywhere in world - a great advance for the developing world and medical imaging.

http://www.smartplanet.com/people/video/turning-a-cell-phone-into-a-microscope/374084/

Education: Learning styles debunked

ScienceDaily (2009-12-17) -- Are you a verbal learner or a visual learner? Chances are, you've pegged yourself or your children as either one or the other and rely on study techniques that suit your individual learning needs. However, a new report finds no evidence for the learning styles hypothesis.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/12/091216162356.htm

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New 'golden ratios' for female facial beauty

ScienceDaily (2009-12-17) -- Beauty is not only in the eye of the beholder but also in the relationship of the eyes and mouth of the beholden. The distance between a woman's eyes and the distance between her eyes and her mouth are key factors in determining how attractive she is to others, according to new psychology research.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/12/091216144141.htm

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Caffeine doesn't reverse the negative cognitive impact of alcohol, study shows

ScienceDaily (2009-12-13) -- People who drink may want to know that coffee won't sober them up, according to new laboratory research. Instead, a cup of coffee may make it harder for people to realize they're drunk.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/12/091207143347.htm

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Breakthrough in monitoring tropical deforestation announced in Copenhagen

ScienceDaily (2009-12-11) -- New technology is revolutionizing forest monitoring by marrying free satellite imagery and powerful analytical methods in an easy-to-use, desktop software package called CLASlite. Thus far, 70 government, non-government and academic organizations in five countries have adopted the technology, with more on the horizon.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/12/091210101359.htm

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Bullying at school linked to bullying at home

ScienceDaily (2009-12-10) -- Children who bully at school are likely to also bully their siblings at home. This is the finding of a new study. Researchers investigated whether the age and gender of a child’s siblings predicted whether children were likely to bully, or to become victims of bullying.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/12/091206185410.htm

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Everyday germs in childhood may prevent diseases in adulthood

ScienceDaily (2009-12-09) -- A new study suggests that American parents should ease up on the antibacterial soap. Exposure to infectious microbes early in life may actually protect children from cardiovascular diseases that can lead to death as an adult. The study is the first to look at how microbial exposures early in life affect inflammatory processes related to diseases associated with aging in adulthood. Ultra-clean environments may be depriving developing immune networks of important environmental input.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/12/091208192005.htm

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Effort to regenerate damaged spinal cords turns to new model: Mexican axolotl salamander

ScienceDaily (2009-12-09) -- For more than 400 years, scientists have studied the amazing regenerative power of salamanders, trying to understand how these creatures routinely repair injuries that would usually leave humans and other mammals paralyzed -- or worse. Now, researchers have begun creating genomic tools necessary to compare the extraordinary regenerative capacity of the Mexican axolotl salamander with established mouse models of human disease and injury.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/12/091208214636.htm

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Human umbilical stem cells cleared mice's cloudy eyes

ScienceDaily (2009-12-09) -- New research from the University of Cincinnati (UC) may help in the recovery of lost vision for patients with corneal scarring.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/12/091208132239.htm

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Scientists reveal key structure from Ebola virus

ScienceDaily (2009-12-09) -- Scientists have determined the structure of a critical protein from the Ebola virus, which, though rare, is one of the deadliest viruses on the planet killing between 50 and 90 percent of those infected.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/12/091208170913.htm

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Pitch of blue whale songs is declining around the world, scientists discover

ScienceDaily (2009-12-09) -- The sound level of songs blue whales sing across the vast expanses of the ocean to attract potential mates has been steadily creeping downward for the past few decades, and scientists believe the trend may be good news for the population of the endangered marine mammal.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/12/091209183116.htm

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How to seduce your users with web design

http://blogs.zdnet.com/weblife/?p=1242&tag=nl.e539

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Discovery of the Jekyll-and-Hyde factors in 'coral bleaching'

ScienceDaily (2009-12-07) -- Scientists are reporting the first identification of substances involved in the Jekyll-and-Hyde transformation that changes harmless marine bacteria into killers that cause "coral bleaching."

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/12/091202114040.htm

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New brain connections form rapidly during motor learning

ScienceDaily (2009-11-30) -- New connections begin to form between brain cells almost immediately as animals learn a new task, according to a study in which researchers observed the rewiring processes that take place in the brain during motor learning.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091129153359.htm

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Men and women may respond differently to danger

ScienceDaily (2009-11-30) -- Researchers using functional magnetic resonance imaging to study brain activation have found that men and women respond differently to positive and negative stimuli, according to a new study..

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091129125131.htm

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Therapeutic benefits of the human-animal bond

ScienceDaily (2009-11-30) -- A pet owner knows the enormous joy and comfort that an animal can provide, especially in troubled times. Most pets are considered important members of the family and irreplaceable companions. A growing body of research now documents the value of the human-animal bond in child development, elderly care, mental illness, physical impairment, dementia, abuse and trauma recovery, and the rehabilitation of incarcerated youth and adults.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091130121441.htm

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New culprit for viral infections among elderly -- an overactive immune response

ScienceDaily (2009-11-30) -- Researchers have found that exaggerated responses of the immune system explain why the elderly succumb to viral infections more readily than younger people. The study bucks the general belief that declining immune responses are to blame for susceptibility to viral infections.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091118143215.htm

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New transparent insulating film could enable energy-efficient displays

ScienceDaily (2009-11-30) -- Materials scientists have found a way to transform a chemical long used as an electrical conductor a thin film insulator potentially useful in transistor technology and in devices such as electronic books.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091109121220.htm

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Smart phones allow quick diagnosis of acute appendicitis

ScienceDaily (2009-11-30) -- Radiologists can accurately diagnose acute appendicitis from a remote location with the use of a hand-held device or mobile phone equipped with special software, according to a new study.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091130084718.htm

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Climate studies to benefit from 12 years of satellite aerosol data

ScienceDaily (2009-11-30) -- Aerosols, very small particles suspended in the air, play an important role in the global climate balance and in regulating climate change. They are one of the greatest sources of uncertainty in climate change models. ESA's GlobAerosol project has been making the most of European satellite capabilities to monitor them.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091110105353.htm

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Climate change in Kuwait Bay: Higher temperatures having profound effects

ScienceDaily (2009-11-30) -- Since 1985, seawater temperature in Kuwait Bay, northern Persian Gulf, has increased on average 0.6 degrees Celsius per decade. This is about three times faster than the global average rate reported by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Differences are due to regional and local effects. Increased temperatures are having profound effects on key habitats and on power generation the Persian Gulf.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091130121449.htm

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Traditional indigenous fire management techniques deployed against climate change

ScienceDaily (2009-12-01) -- A landmark Australian project that mitigates the extent and severity of natural savannah blazes by deploying traditional Indigenous fire management techniques is being hailed as a model with vast global potential in the fights against climate change and biodiversity loss, and for protecting indigenous lands and culture. Proponents heading to climate change talks in Copenhagen say similar projects can be adopted in the savannas of Africa, where the potential for reductions is very high.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091129125133.htm

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Amphibians as environmental omen disputed

ScienceDaily (2009-11-30) -- Amphibians, for years considered a leading indicator of environmental degradation, are not uniquely susceptible to pollution, according to a new meta-analysis.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091111092051.htm

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WWF, Allianze estimate what it could cost NOT to take action on climate change

A new report from the World Wildlife Fund and European insurance giant Allianz SE says that close to $1.4 trillion in “assets” could be at risk from a severe storm surge. Moreover, by mid-century, their joint study predicts that up to $7.4 trillion could be in jeopardy if the global sea level rises 20 inches.

http://assets.panda.org/downloads/plugin_tp_final_report.pdf

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